abstract：:Chromatin organization spans a wide range of structural complexity. Substructures at the 10-200nm scale are poorly characterized, especially in living cells, due to the limitations of electron microscopy and standard optical microscopy. Recently developed super-resolution fluorescence microscopy methods represent an e...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Flors C,Earnshaw WC

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Study of protein adsorption to solid surfaces continues to be substantial because of its role in cellular responses to biomaterials, interest in molecular aspects such as conformation and orientation, new methods for making protein repellent surfaces, and new application areas such as nanoparticles and microfluidics. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Szott LM,Horbett TA

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eukaryotic ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase (RT) telomerase uses a template within its integral RNA subunit to extend chromosome ends by synthesis of single-stranded telomeric repeats. Telomerase is adapted to its unique cellular role by an ability to release product DNA in single-stranded form, regeneratin...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Collins K

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural products are evolutionarily designed and chemically distinct from most synthetic library molecules. In addition to their role as drugs, they are successfully used as molecular probes to identify disease relevant targets. Novel natural products are still routinely discovered from traditional sources through cul...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Schmitt EK,Moore CM,Krastel P,Petersen F

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fragment-based screening has now become an established method for the generation of lead molecules against therapeutic targets. Fragment molecules are simple, low molecular-weight compounds with few chemical functionalities. These characteristics lead to high hit rates for fragment screening as compared to the more cl...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Barelier S,Krimm I

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is growing interest in the design of synthetic molecules that mimic the structures and functions of epitopes found on the surface of peptides and proteins. Epitope mimetics can provide valuable tools to probe complex biological processes, as well as interesting leads for drug and vaccine discovery. One applicati...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Robinson JA

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron-binding transcription factors are widespread throughout the bacterial world and to date are known to bind several types of cofactors, such as Fe2+, heme, or iron-sulfur clusters. The known chemistry of these cofactors is exploited by transcription factors, including Fur, FNR, and NsrR, to sense molecules such as ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Fleischhacker AS,Kiley PJ

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing technologies such as unnatural amino acid mutagenesis, non-natural cofactor engineering, and computational design are generating proteins with novel functions; these proteins, however, often do not reach performance targets and would benefit from further optimization. Evolutionary methods can complement the...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Brustad EM,Arnold FH

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein cysteine residues are central to redox signaling and to protection against oxidative damage through their interactions with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and electrophiles. Although there is considerable evidence for a functional role for cysteine modifications, the identity and physiological significa...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Chouchani ET,James AM,Fearnley IM,Lilley KS,Murphy MP

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative cysteine modifications have emerged as a central mechanism for dynamic post-translational regulation of all major protein classes and correlate with many disease states. Elucidating the precise roles of cysteine oxidation in physiology and pathology presents a major challenge. This article reviews the curren...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Leonard SE,Carroll KS

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some therapeutic monoclonal antibodies function by focusing the killing power of the immune system on particular cellular targets, a process known as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). There is considerable interest in developing small-molecule therapeutics that utilize this mechanism of action and ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Kodadek T

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein-polymer conjugates are of interest to researchers in diverse fields. Attachment of polymers to proteins results in improved pharmacokinetics, which is important in medicine. From an engineering standpoint, conjugates are exciting because they exhibit properties of both the biomolecules and synthetic polymers. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Grover GN,Maynard HD

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Different strategies for the creation of optical sensors with metal-dye complexes are discussed. The focus is on sensors, which are used in conjunction with pattern recognition protocols. It is shown that remarkably powerful sensors can be obtained by combining commercially available dyes with simple transition metal ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Severin K

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, the hypothesis that protein motions are involved in enzymatic turnover has gained significant attention. We review cases where there is evidence that protein motions are rate-limiting in the overall catalytic cycle and examine experimental and theoretical evidence for how such motions enhance the probability...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Nashine VC,Hammes-Schiffer S,Benkovic SJ

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytochrome bc(1) complex is a key mitochondrial enzyme that catalyses transfer of electrons maintaining the membrane potential of mitochondria. Currently, atovaquone is the only drug in clinical use targeting the Plasmodium falciparum bc(1) complex. The rapid emergence of resistance to atovaquone resulted in a cos...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Barton V,Fisher N,Biagini GA,Ward SA,O'Neill PM

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review explores the concept of using privileged scaffolds to identify biologically active compounds through building chemical libraries. We hope to accomplish three main objectives: to provide one of the most comprehensive listings of privileged scaffolds; to reveal through four selected examples the present stat...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Welsch ME,Snyder SA,Stockwell BR

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural modification of naturally occurring beta-lactams and beta-lactones is a highly effective strategy for generating drugs for treating bacterial infections, cancer, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. These drugs acylate catalytic amino acids (serine, threonine, or cysteine) in enzyme targets such as penicillin-bindi...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Kluge AF,Petter RC

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nanoparticle-based therapeutics have received increasing attention, as these systems can alleviate many drawbacks of conventional therapy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a new class of hybrid materials composed of metal ions and organic bridging ligands, have emerged as a promising platform for drug delivery, owing ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Huxford RC,Della Rocca J,Lin W

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The oceans are filled with an amazing variety of biological materials including the glues and cements of mussels, barnacles, tube worms, algae, and starfish. Recent studies on mussel adhesive are providing increasing evidence for a unique mechanism of material generation involving iron-induced protein oxidation and cr...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Wilker JJ

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To date, the vast majority of the proteomic data sets collected by mass spectrometry (MS) have been generated by nondirected methods, whereby the identified precursor ions are stochastically selected for sequencing from complex sample mixtures. Recently, new MS approaches have been developed in which the mass spectrom...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Schmidt A,Claassen M,Aebersold R

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simple surfactants achieve remarkable long-range order in aqueous environments. This organizing potential is seen most dramatically in biological membranes where phospholipid assemblies both define cell boundaries and provide a ubiquitous structural scaffold for controlling cellular chemistry. Here we consider simple ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Childers WS,Ni R,Mehta AK,Lynn DG

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthetic pathways of plant natural products offer an abundance of knowledge to scientists in many fields. Synthetic chemists can be inspired by the synthetic strategies that nature uses to construct these compounds. Chemical and biological engineers are working to reprogram these biosynthetic pathways to more ...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Usera AR,O'Connor SE

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are likely more than 500000 potential phosphorylation sites in a cellular proteome. This dynamic phosphorylation is under tight control of a variety of kinases and phosphatases. In recent years significant progress has been made in the large-scale analysis of these in vitro and in vivo protein phosphorylation ev...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Lemeer S,Heck AJ

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of unactivated C-H bonds is an important process in nature and organic synthesis. Nature employs a wide range of metalloproteins to efficiently catalyze such reactions. Quantum chemistry can be used to explore the reactivity of such systems. Atomic level insight into the catalytic mechanisms can be gained t...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Ye S,Neese F

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The (re)design of enzymes to catalyze 'new' reactions is a topic of considerable practical and intellectual interest. Directed evolution (random mutagenesis followed by screening/selection) has been used widely to identify novel biocatalysts. However, 'rational' approaches using either natural divergent evolution or c...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Gerlt JA,Babbitt PC

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herein we review contemporary synthetic and protein design strategies to stabilize the alpha-helical motif in short peptides and miniature proteins. Advances in organometallic catalyst design, specifically for the olefin metathesis reaction, enable the use of hydrocarbon bridges to either crosslink side chains of spec...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Henchey LK,Jochim AL,Arora PS

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein synthesis is inherently a dynamic process, requiring both small-scale and large-scale movements of tRNA and mRNA. It has long been suspected that these movements might be coupled to conformational changes in the ribosome, and in its RNA moieties in particular. Recently, the nature of ribosome structural dynami...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Korostelev A,Ermolenko DN,Noller HF

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allosteric binding sites, as opposed to traditional orthosteric binding sites, offer unparalleled opportunities for drug discovery by providing high levels of selectivity, mimicking physiological conditions, affording fewer side effects because of desensitization/downregulation, and engendering ligands with chemotypes...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Lewis JA,Lebois EP,Lindsley CW

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years pharmaceutical companies have utilized structure-based drug design and combinatorial library design techniques to speed up their drug discovery efforts. Both approaches are routinely used in the lead discovery and lead optimization stages of the drug discovery process. Fragment-based drug design, a new...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Zhou JZ

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although random mutagenesis and screening and evolutionary engineering have long been the gold standards for strain improvement in industry, the development of more sophisticated recombinant DNA tools has led to the introduction of alternate methods for engineering strain diversity. Here, we summarize several combinat...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Santos CN,Stephanopoulos G

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant advances have been made over the past decade on illustrating structural and functional features underneath the selective metal ion recognition by various proteins in nature. These efforts led to fruitful information regarding mechanisms that bacteria employed on the regulation, transportation, and utilizat...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Chen PR,He C

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appearance of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 highlighted the potential impact of influenza virus on humanity. The emergence of this high profile virus stimulated much research towards a better understanding of the key determinants for successful human-to-human transmission and as such has provide...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： von Itzstein M

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural genomics (SG) has significantly increased the number of novel protein structures of targets with medical relevance. In the protein kinase area, SG has contributed >50% of all novel kinases structures during the past three years and determined more than 30 novel catalytic domain structures. Many of the relea...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Marsden BD,Knapp S

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The micro-environment in which stem cells reside regulates their fate, and synthetic materials have recently been designed to emulate these regulatory processes for various medical applications. Ligands inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, cell-cell contacts, and growth factors have been incorporated into syn...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Saha K,Pollock JF,Schaffer DV,Healy KE

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The asymmetric bioreduction of alkenes bearing an electron-withdrawing group using flavin-dependent enzymes from the 'old yellow enzyme' family at the expense of NAD(P)H yields the corresponding non-racemic alkanes going in hand with the creation of up to two chiral carbon centres. To avoid external cofactor recycling...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Stuermer R,Hauer B,Hall M,Faber K

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone proteins and their accompanying post-translational modifications have received much attention for their ability to affect chromatin structure and, hence, regulate gene expression. Recently, mass spectrometry has become an important complementary tool for the analysis of histone variants and modification sites,...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Garcia BA,Shabanowitz J,Hunt DF

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are artificial polypeptides, derived from Val-Pro-Gly-Xaa-Gly (VPGXG) pentapeptide repeats found in human tropoelastin, that reversibly coacervate above a critical temperature. Genetically encodable ELPs are monodisperse, stimuli responsive, and biocompatible, properties that make them...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Chilkoti A,Christensen T,MacKay JA

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) share common ground as emerging tools for nanoscale observation of biological interactions. SAMs provide excellent means of controlling the surface characteristics through individually tailored and engineered building blocks. SAMs on various surfaces ha...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Shin SK,Yoon HJ,Jung YJ,Park JW

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has long been a powerful tool for structural analysis of membrane proteins. However, because of difficulties in resolving contributions from individual residues, most of the derived measurements tend to yield average properties for the system under study. Isotope editing,...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Arkin IT

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient library design is an ongoing challenge for investigators seeking novel ligands for proteins, whether for drug discovery or chemical biology. Strategies that add neglected chemistry or exclude unproductive compounds are two dominant recent themes, as is a growing awareness of molecular complexity and its impl...

journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology

authors： Irwin JJ

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00